Choosing the right air conditioner size for your RV is crucial for comfortable travels in your van, especially during hot summer months.
From 12V air conditioning units to huge system you can use from your electrical system, you can be left scratching your head when it comes to choosing the right unit.
Having built vans, we’ve learned plenty about AC in vans. So here’s our guide from experience to help you determine the appropriate air conditioner size for your recreational vehicle:
Factors Affecting AC Size In RVs
Several factors influence the size of air conditioner your RV needs. You should bear in mind some of these points before buying.
- RV Length: Longer RVs generally require more cooling power.
- Insulation: Well-insulated RVs may need less powerful AC units.
- Climate: Hotter regions necessitate more robust cooling systems.
- Usage: Frequent travelers in warm areas may benefit from larger AC units.
Calculating AC Size For Your RV
To determine the appropriate AC size, use this formula: RVA = V / 0.416
Where:
- RVA is the RV air conditioner size in BTUs
- V is the total volume of the RV in cubic feet
For example, an RV measuring 30 ft x 8 ft x 6 ft has a volume of 1,440 cubic feet. Using the formula: RVA = 1,440 / 0.416 = 3,461.56 BTUs
General Guidelines
While calculations are helpful, here’s a quick reference guide:
| RV Length | Recommended AC Size |
|---|---|
| Up to 20 ft | 11,000 BTUs |
| 21-25 ft | 13,500 BTUs |
| 26-35 ft | 15,000 BTUs |
| 36+ ft | 15,000+ BTUs or multiple units |
Types of RV AC Units
There are up to six different types of RV air conditioning units. When selecting an air conditioning unit for your RV, it’s essential to understand the different types available, as each has unique features and benefits.
Choosing the right type of RV air conditioner depends on your specific needs, including the size of your RV, your cooling requirements, and your budget.
Rooftop and ducted systems are excellent for larger RVs, while ductless and portable units offer flexibility for smaller spaces.
Understanding these options will help ensure you select the best cooling solution for your travels.
Rooftop Air Conditioners
Rooftop units are the most common type of air conditioning system found in RVs. They are mounted on the roof, allowing for efficient cooling without taking up interior space.
Advantages:
- Space-Saving: Frees up interior room for other uses.
- Powerful Cooling: Designed to cool larger spaces effectively.
- Heat Option: Many models include heating capabilities.
Disadvantages:
- High Power Draw: Requires significant electrical power.
- Costly to Replace: Replacement can be expensive.
Ducted Air Conditioning Systems
Ducted systems are typically used in larger motorhomes and feature multiple ducts that distribute cool air throughout the vehicle.
Advantages:
- Even Cooling: Provides consistent temperature control across multiple rooms.
- Quieter Operation: Generally operates more quietly than non-ducted units.
Disadvantages:
- Higher Initial Cost: Installation and unit costs can be higher than ductless options.
Ductless Air Conditioners
Ductless units are ideal for smaller RVs and are often installed in windows or walls. They blow cool air directly into the living space.
Advantages:
- Easy Installation: Simple to install and operate.
- Lower Power Consumption: Typically uses less energy than rooftop units.
Disadvantages:
- Less Efficient for Larger Spaces: May not cool larger RVs as effectively as ducted systems.
Portable Air Conditioners
Portable AC units are versatile and can be moved as needed. They are suitable for RVs where installation of permanent units is not feasible.
Advantages:
- Flexibility: Can be used in different areas of the RV or even outside.
- No Permanent Installation: Easy to set up and remove.
Disadvantages:
- Limited Cooling Power: Generally less powerful than fixed units.
- Requires Venting: Needs a way to vent hot air outside.
Under-Bench Air Conditioners
These units are installed within the cabinetry of the RV, providing a discreet cooling solution.
Advantages:
- Quiet Operation: Located inside, they minimize noise levels.
- Space Efficient: Does not take up wall or roof space.
Disadvantages:
- Limited Cooling Capacity: May not be sufficient for larger RVs.
Split System Air Conditioners
Split systems consist of an indoor and outdoor unit, allowing for flexible installation and zoned cooling.
Advantages:
- Zoned Control: Cool only occupied areas, saving energy.
- Quiet Operation: Noisy components are outside the living area.
Disadvantages:
- Complex Installation: More complicated to install than other types.
RV Air Conditioning Maintenance Tips
Maintaining your RV air conditioner is essential for ensuring it operates efficiently and keeps you cool during your travels.
Clean or replace air filters every month, especially if you use your AC frequently. Clogged filters can restrict airflow and reduce efficiency.
Conduct a thorough inspection of the AC unit every six months, including cleaning the coils and checking for debris around the unit. This should be done in the spring and fall to prepare for the peak usage seasons.
Ensure that the drainage system is clear to prevent water buildup and potential leaks.
Also schedule a comprehensive maintenance check with a certified technician at least once a year. This includes checking refrigerant levels, inspecting for leaks, and ensuring all components are functioning correctly.
To ensure optimal performance:
- Clean filters regularly
- Keep the exterior air exchanger clear
- Insulate doors and windows
- Use shades and awnings to block direct sunlight
FAQs
How long do RV air conditioners typically last?
With proper maintenance, RV AC units can last 3-5 years or more.
Can I install a larger AC unit than recommended?
While possible, oversized units may cycle on and off too frequently, reducing efficiency and comfort.
How many watts does an RV air conditioner use?
Most RV AC units use between 500W and 2,700W, depending on their size. A typical 13,500 BTU unit uses about 1,350W.
Do I need a special generator for my RV AC?
Ensure your generator can handle both the running and starting wattage of your AC unit. The starting wattage is often 200-400W higher than the running wattage.
Can I use my RV AC while driving?
Most RV ACs require a 120V power source, which isn’t typically available while driving. However, some high-end RVs have built-in generators or inverters that allow AC use on the road.